In TCM, children are considered to have “immature organ systems” (脏腑娇嫩) and a physiological tendency of “阳常有余，阴常不足” — meaning they are relatively more prone to heat/excess (Yang) and have comparatively less Yin (cooling, nourishing aspect). This makes them more sensitive to diet, environment, and illness. Their health is closely related to the Spleen and Lung, with support from the Kidney for growth and development.
Common patterns include:

• Spleen deficiency (脾虚) – Weak digestion and nutrient absorption, leading to poor appetite, bloating, loose stools, and low energy
• Food accumulation (食积) – Overeating or improper diet causing abdominal discomfort, bad breath, poor appetite, and disturbed sleep
• Lung deficiency (肺虚) – 
Weaker defensive Qi, making children more prone to frequent coughs, colds, and allergies
• Heat patterns (内热 / 积热) – In line with “阳常有余”, children may easily develop internal heat, leading to irritability, sore throat, constipation, or fever
• Yin insufficiency (阴不足) – Reflecting “阴常不足”, which may contribute to restlessness, disturbed sleep, or dryness symptoms
• Kidney deficiency (肾虚) – Related to growth and development, seen in slower physical development or weaker constitution